BS-CLAY1: Anisotropic bounding surface constitutive model for natural clays

In this paper, a multi-surface anisotropic constitutive model is proposed for clayey soils, based on bounding surface theory and classical critical state-based model. the model, in addition to volumetric hardening law, rotational rule also incorporated into formulation with non-associated flow rule. The uses plasticity produce more realistic representation of nonlinear behavior clays high overconsolidation ratios. Detailed presented including an innovative approach find image stress points which offers original conception changing projection center, even at absence plastic loading. A modified procedure discussed improve performance simulating response highly overconsolidated clays. modifications, together novel mapping rule, form new framework that can be used simulation capabilities different models have elliptical yield/bounding surfaces. efficiency demonstrated by comparing results against element test data from number lightly conditions. shows promising capturing important aspects natural during straining, particular combined effects small strain nonlinearity fabric orientation.